新航道

  新航道 小編為了幫助各位烤鴨全面掌握語法知識，更好地備戰(zhàn)雅思考試!每周會更新關(guān)于雅思語法問題，希望對各位備考雅思考試有所幫助。本期帶來了3分鐘就能學(xué)會的雅思語法(第2期)：你用對“逗號”了嗎?

  可是，我們最常用的標(biāo)點(diǎn)之一——逗號，我們在語言輸出過程中都用對了嗎?

  逗號用法1：分隔并列項(xiàng)

  ? A, B, and C

  解析：連接大于等于三者以上的并列項(xiàng),注意連詞前有逗號。

  ‘The glass industry is aware of the issue,’ says Brian Waldron, chairman of the standards committee at the Glass and Glazing Federation [,] a British trade association [,] and standards development officer at Pikington. (例子出處:劍15 T4R)

  ? A, B and C

  解析：有時候避免太過于考究，可以省略連詞前的逗號。

  A country’s history [,] language and ethos are all inextricably bound up in its manufactured artifacts. (例子出處:劍10 T3WT2)

  逗號用法2：分隔非句子成分

  四種寫法

  ? 副詞/介詞詞組/非謂語結(jié)構(gòu),獨(dú)立句子

  解析：逗號連接句首的副詞/介詞詞組/非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)和后面的獨(dú)立句子。

  Since then [,] so many other examples have been discovered that it no longer makes sense to say that evolution is as good as irreversible. (例子出處:劍10T4R)

  ? 主語, 副詞/介詞詞組/非謂語結(jié)構(gòu),謂語及句子其他成分

  解析：雙逗號隔開句中的副詞/介詞詞組/非謂語這三類結(jié)構(gòu)。

  The International Institute of Noise Control Engineering [,] on the advice of the World Health Organization [,] has established an international working party.’(例子出處:劍9T2R)

  ? 獨(dú)立句子, 副詞/介詞詞組/非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)

  解析：逗號連接部分句末出現(xiàn)的副詞/介詞詞組/非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。

  The gender difference is smallest at the level of Bachelor’s degree [,] however. (例子出處:劍4T3WT1)

  ? 名詞,同位語,句子其他成分或者名詞,同位語。

  解析：句子中名詞后面的同位語，用雙逗號隔開其與句子主干;如果是句末名詞的同位語，句末自然句號落尾。

  Clemmons contacted Morteza Gharib [,] aeronautics professor at the California Institute of Technology. (例子出處:劍7T4R)

  逗號用法3：與連接詞一起連接句子

  兩種寫法

  ? 連接詞獨(dú)立句子,獨(dú)立句子

  解析：逗號與連接詞一起連接兩個獨(dú)立句子，這類常用連接詞通常是狀從從屬連詞如Because/If/Although/When/where等。

  例句：If this is not true [,] then we would be able to predict he behavior and character of a person from the moment they were born. (例子出處:劍5T4WT2)

  ? 獨(dú)立句子,連接詞獨(dú)立句子

  解析：狀從從屬連詞可放兩句中間;另外置于中間的連接詞還包括平行關(guān)系的連詞如and/while/but/or以及非限定性定從從屬連詞which /who/whose/whom等。

  Interest in sport is not universal [,] and additional facilities might simply attract the already fit. (例子出處:劍9T3WT2)

  This has the added benefit that parents and children often use them together just for fun [,] which develops a positive attitude to exercise at an early age. (例子出處:劍9T3WT2)

  小 結(jié)

  這三種用法中，第三種是我們在寫作中最容易用錯并引起歧義的地方了。

  切記逗號不能一“逗”到底任意連接兩個沒有連接詞的句子也不可以讓連接詞連接一個獨(dú)立句子。

  牛刀小試

  注：僅從語法層面修改。

  原文：

  However, books always are not attractive for children or youngster. It is because books are quite boring. A lot of words and less pictures inside the books, compare to television, television has pictures and sound, we don’t have to read a lot of words in television. But some artist in television programme or file, bring a bad image to us. Then some children or youngster will imitate their behavior.(劍4T1WT2)

  修改：

  However, books always are not attractive for children or youngsters. It is because books are quite boring. A lot of words and lesspictures are inside the books [.] Compared to television, television has pictures and sounds. We don’t have to read a lot of words in television [,] but some artists in television programme or file bring a bad image to us. Then [,] some children or youngster will imitate their behavior.